中圖分類號(hào)： TN971.1；TP391 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： A DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.200458 中文引用格式： 胥松壽，郭歆瑩. 基于改進(jìn)型差分進(jìn)化的MLAT系統(tǒng)布站方法研究[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2021，47(8)：101-105. 英文引用格式： Xu Songshou，Guo Xinying. Research on station layout of a MLAT system based on improved DE[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2021，47(8)：101-105.
Research on station layout of a MLAT system based on improved DE
Xu Songshou1，Guo Xinying2
1.Technical Support Department，Henan Air Traffic Management Bureau，CAAC，Zhengzhou 450000，China； 2.College of Information Science and Engineering，Henan University of Technology，Zhengzhou 450000，China
Abstract： Aiming at the problem that the geometric layout of the base station of multilateration system directly affects the positioning precision of the target, an optimization method of station layout based on an improved Differential Evolution(DE) algorithm is proposed. Based on the DE algorithm and appropriate improvement, combined with other conditions and limiting factors of a multilateration system, the Geometric Dilution Precision(GDOP) is used as the fitness function to optimize the geometric layout of base stations, providing a reference basis for system design and selection of base station locations during construction. Simulation results show that this method of optimizing station placement can obtain higher positioning precision in a multilateration system.
Key words : multilateration system；GDOP；differential evolution algorithm；optimal station；positioning precision
0 引言
場(chǎng)面多點(diǎn)定位(Multilateration，MLAT)系統(tǒng)是一種新式機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視技術(shù)，通過計(jì)算目標(biāo)發(fā)射信號(hào)到達(dá)地面中心站和基站的時(shí)間差(Time Difference of Arrival，TDOA)來計(jì)算其空間位置。系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)定位精度除了與偽距測(cè)量誤差有關(guān)外，還受基站的幾何布局影響。傳統(tǒng)的布站多采用三角形、菱形、Y形等，此種布站形式受基線長度和人為主觀因素等的影響[1-5]。本文將差分進(jìn)化算法應(yīng)用于多點(diǎn)定位系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)布站設(shè)計(jì)，通過不斷迭代計(jì)算來獲得地面基站的最優(yōu)布站位置。本文對(duì)差分進(jìn)化算法進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)改進(jìn)，使其在搜索前期有較強(qiáng)的全局探索能力，在后期有較強(qiáng)的局部開發(fā)能力，使之應(yīng)用于多點(diǎn)定位系統(tǒng)站點(diǎn)布局設(shè)計(jì)的工程優(yōu)化問題中，提高了系統(tǒng)定位精度對(duì)目標(biāo)位置變化的魯棒性。實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真表明，該布站設(shè)計(jì)方法在多點(diǎn)定位系統(tǒng)中可獲得較高的定位精度。
